This article is number 10 in a series of 21 articles on tools for evidence-informed health policymaking, thumb addresses economic considerations. The economic consequences of a policy or programme differ from other impacts (benefits and harms) in several ways. Nevertheless, physician considerations of the economic consequences of policy options are similar to considerations about other impacts in that policymakers and their staff need to identify important economic consequences, malady acquire and appraise the best available evidence regarding those consequences, and ensure that economic consequences have been valued appropriately.